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Cimarron is a village in Colfax County, New Mexico, United States which sits on the eastern slopes of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains. The population was 1,021 at the 2010 census, making it the 4th most populated municipality in Colfax County.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Cimarron village, New Mexico )〕 Cimarron sits on the Cimarron River, a tributary to the 900 mile long Canadian River whose headwaters are at the Eagle Nest Dam, with the main part of town lying along U.S. Route 64. The village is surrounded on all sided by numerous ranches, including Philmont Scout Ranch,〔(Philmont Scout Ranch )〕 an extensive "high-adventure base" operated by the Boy Scouts of America. Philmont is located just four miles south of Cimarron. Other ranches also include the Chase Ranch (famous for its heart-shaped brand and allegedly the Marlboro Man's place of origin), Ted Turner's Vermejo Park Ranch,〔(VPR invite )〕 the CS Ranch,〔(CS Cattle Co. - Welcome! )〕 the Express UU Bar Ranch〔(Express UU Bar Ranches )〕 (formerly the property of Waite Phillips), and the Clearview Ranch of the western singer/songwriter R.W. Hampton, as well as numerous other small ranches. The Elliott Barker State Wildlife Area, the Valle Vidal unit of the Carson National Forest, and Cimarron Canyon State Park.,〔(Coalition for the Valle Vidal - New Mexico - an Endangered American Treasure )〕〔(Carson National Forest - Welcome )〕 are also located within the Cimarron area. 17 miles and 28 miles to the northeast is Dawson, New Mexico, a ghost town with a population of over 9,000 near the early 20th century, and the Raton Municipal Airport, respectively. The village is a pioneer of the four-day school week (Mon.-Thur.), which it originally implemented in the early 1970s, during a time of rising fuel and utility prices.〔(Schools eye four-day week to cut fuel costs | Lifestyle | Living | Reuters )〕 ==History== To avoid the harsh conditions, lack of water, and attacks from Indians along the Cimarron Cutoff of the Santa Fe Trail, wagon traffic used the original Mountain Route the during the 1840s. Thereafter, the Mountain Route over Raton Pass became more popular with traders, immigrants, gold-seekers, and government supply trains. Despite the general consensus, the Cimarron cutoff of the Santa Fe Trail does not go through the village. It instead gets its name from the city of Cimarron, Kansas. In 1842, Lucien B. Maxwell, a fur trapper, came to the Beaubien-Miranda Ranch in northern New Mexico and courted and married Luz Beaubien, one of the owner's six daughters. He eventually inherited the ranch and built a huge mansion in 1858 on the future town site. Maxwell built the Aztec Mill in 1864. It is preserved as the Old Mill Museum, operated by the Cimarron Historical Society. The museum's collection includes working mill parts; Native American tools, weapons and pottery; Maxwell Land Grant paperwork and documents; and other materials. Cimarron was officially chartered in 1859 and was named for the Spanish word used to describe a mustang, meaning "wild" or "unbroken". Cimarron was the county seat of Colfax County beginning in 1872, when it replaced Elizabethtown. At that time, Cimarron was a stage stop on the Mountain Branch of the Santa Fe Trail. In 1881, the county seat was moved to Springer, a town on the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway. It was during this time that Lucien Maxwell, due to rising tensions, sold the Maxwell Land Grant to a group of investors, with the resultant Colfax County War in which more than two hundred people were killed. In 1905, the St. Louis, Rocky Mountain, and Pacific Railway Co. laid tracks from Raton to Ute Park, with the intent to haul coal between Raton and Cimarron. Passengers used the daily train service, as well as ranchers who moved agricultural animals. During World War II, the tracks were removed, with the steel to be recycled to help with the shortage during the war effort. Soon after the tracks were laid through town, tracks were also laid 22 miles up Ponil Canyon by the Cimarron and Northwestern Railway Company, to haul timber from the surrounding mountains, which were loaded with douglas fir and ponderosa pine. The railroad company delivered its timber to the Continental Tie and Lumber Company, located in Cimarron, NM, who made railroad ties and timber supports for nearby coal mines. Cimarron continues to thrive, in part due to its proximity to Philmont Scout Ranch, as well as summer tourism. As a tribute to many dedicated crew members, the USS ''Cimarron's'' key artifacts were donated to Cimarron, since it is the closest village to the Cimarron River. The ship's bell now stands in front of the village's high school, Cimarron High School. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cimarron, New Mexico」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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